The findings reveal how healthcare costs, quality, and physical barriers play differing roles in the countries studied in preventing access, and how families are often impoverished by accessing needed care.

In Timor-Leste large disparities exist in the use of maternal and child health services between the rich and the poor, and between Dili and other districts, with difficulties in travel being the main impediment to access for healthcare.

This country brief presents findings from analysis of the Papua New Guinea Household Survey 1996 and Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2009–2010, depicting how healthcare utilization has changed over a 13-year period.